Presentation

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• Prof. Eduardo Bellini Ferreira, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo - BR

  

  Prof. Eduardo Bellini Ferreira

  Department of Materials Engineering, São Carlos Engineering School, University of São Paulo

  Address:  Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, 13.566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
   Email: ebferreira@sc.usp.br

  Graduate in Materials Engineering (1992), M.Sc (1995) and Ph.D. (2000) in Materials Science and Engineering, and Post-doc on glass sintering (2001-2003) at Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil. Associate Professor in the Faculty of Engineering, UNESP Guaratinguetá, Brazil (2007-2010). Associate Professor in Materials Engineering Department, Engineering School of São Carlos, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, Brazil, since 2010. Coordinator of Technology Transfer at the Center for Research, Technology and Education in Vitreous Materials (CeRTEV-FAPESP) since 2013. Research interests include glass and glass-ceramics, glass sintering and crystallization kinetics, glass forming ability, and the manufacture and application of glass and glass-ceramics.

  Evolution of diffusion zone around crystals growing in a combeite stoichiometric glass and its effect on the local nucleation rate

  Crystals of different compositions from the parent glass are observed to grow in stoichiometric Na2O⋅2CaO⋅3SiO2 (N2CS3) glass. In this work, the concentration profiles of Na and Ca in these crystals and the diffusion zones around them were characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy and described theoretically. We show that the diffusion zone is formed around the growing crystal due to the rejection of part of the calcium. The radial variation of the Ca concentrations and the crystal nucleation rate through the diffusion zone were analyzed simultaneously. We found that the nucleation rate in the diffusion zone near the crystal-glass interface drastically decreases due to the increase in the work of critical cluster formation resulting from the composition change. In contrast, the diffusion activation barrier remains practically constant. Additionally, the Ca diffusion coefficients, DCa, in Na2O⋅2CaO⋅3SiO2 and CaO⋅SiO2 glasses show the same Arrhenius dependence, demonstrating that (surprisingly) DCa seems to not depend on the glass composition in the CaO⋅SiO2-Na2O⋅SiO2 metasilicate joint. The spatial distribution of chemical components in a partially crystallized glass is quantitatively characterized, shedding light on solid solution crystallization in a glass-forming liquid and its consequences.

• Dr Danilo Di Genova, Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, CNR-ISSMC - IT

  

  Dr Danilo Di Genova

  Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics, CNR-ISSMC

  Address:  Largo S. Leonardo Murialdo, 1, 00146 Rome, Italy
   Email: danilo.digenova@cnr.it

  I am an Earth scientist by education, an experimental volcanologist, and a materials scientist by profession. I received my PhD from the University of Roma Tre in 2012, focusing on magma degassing. In 2013, I joined Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich until 2016, studying silicate melts and volcanic processes. I worked as a Research Associate at the University of Bristol until 2018, then at Clausthal University of Technology until 2020. I was a Senior Scientist at Bavarian Research Institute of Experimental Geochemistry and Geophysics, University of Bayreuth until 2021. Since 2022, I have been a Senior Scientist at the National Research Council of Italy, and head of the GLASS laboratory; Gateway Laboratory of Amorphous and Structured Solids and melts. I am the Principal Investigator of the ERC Consolidator Grant NANOVOLC (2021). My research focuses on the physicochemical processes in silicate glasses, melts, and magmas, using high-temperature and high-pressure experiments, synchrotron X-ray facilities, and various analytical methods.

  Crystallization in natural melts: nanoscale approach to volcanic eruptions and unconventional ways to derive melt viscosity

  Understanding the mechanisms of magma fragmentation and the explosive behavior of volcanoes is one of the key challenges in volcanology and eruption forecasting. Central to this is magma viscosity, which significantly influences fragmentation and the likelihood of explosive eruptions. However, recent evidence suggests that the chemical and temperature dependence of magma viscosity is not yet fully understood, impacting the accuracy of numerical models used for probabilistic eruption predictions. Extending insights from glass-ceramics studies, it has been shown that nanocrystal formation can significantly alter magma viscosity measurements. This contribution shares a multipronged analytical and experimental approach using thermal analysis techniques (standard and flash DSC, TMA), Raman and Brillouin spectroscopies, and transmission electron microscopy. These methods enable the derivation of the glass transition temperature and fragility of glass-forming melts prone to nanocrystallization. Additionally, this contribution will highlight the need for further research, particularly on the dependence of melt viscosity on structurally bonded water. We will discuss how a multidisciplinary effort, including in situ observations, can lead to a comprehensive understanding of nanocrystal formation processes. This effort will highlight their impact not only on magma viscosity and volcanic eruptions but also on fundamental studies of glass-forming melts.

• Dr Cécile Genevois, Extreme Conditions and Materials: High Temperature and Irradiation (CEMHTI) / CNRS - FR

  

  Dr Cécile Genevois

  Extreme Conditions and Materials: High Temperature and Irradiation (CEMHTI) / CNRS 

  Address: 1D avenue de la Recherche Scientifique, 45071 Orléans, France
   Email: cecile.genevois@cnrs-orleans.fr 

  I received my PhD degree, speciality Materials Science and Engineering, from the University of Grenoble (France) in 2004. After three years of experience in different laboratories in France, I joined the CNRS at the Groupe de Physique des Matériaux (GPM) laboratory in Rouen (France) in 2007 and then the Conditions Extrêmes Matériaux : Haute Température et Irradiation (CEMHTI) laboratory in Orléans (France) where I still am since 2013. I focus my work on microstructural characterization from the nanometer to the atomic scale by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and associated spectroscopies (EDS/EELS). Currently I am developing a TEM in-situ temperature approach to characterize the crystallization mechanisms occurring in oxide glasses.

  In-situ temperature experiments in a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) : insights into crystallization mechanisms occurring in glasses.

  Glass-ceramics are materials obtained from the controlled crystallization of glass. The term crystallization here encompasses nucleation and growth of one or more crystalline phases, that is to say the establishment of a long-distance periodicity, in an amorphous matrix. In order to control the innovative properties of glass-ceramics, it is essential to tailor their microstructure, namely the composition and size of the vitreous domains as well as the nature and geometric arrangement of the crystalline phases.1 For this purpose, it is necessary to master the crystallization mechanisms and therefore to understand them well. A set of techniques already make it possible to monitor these phenomena in situ versus temperature, such as XRD, Raman spectroscopy or DSC for example. Recently, we are seeking to develop a new approach which is in situ temperature experiments in a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The advantages of this approach are to be able to visualize directly the different steps such as the possible modification of the glass, the nucleation then the growth of the crystals.2 It is also possible to rapidly cool the material during the experiment in order to analyse the microstructure in more detail by obtaining chemical and structural information at key points.

  (1)          J. Deubener et al., J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 501, (2018), 3-10

  (2)          A. Zandonà et al., Cryst. Growth Des., 23, (2023), 4545-4555

• Prof. Thomas Höche, Fraunhofer IMWS - DE

  

  Prof. Thomas Höche

  Fraunhofer IMWS

  Address: Walter-Hülse-Straße 1, 06120 Halle, Germany
   Email: thomas.hoeche@imws.fraunhofer.de

  Thomas Höche's research interests concern nanostructuring of inorganic materials as well as their characterisation using cutting-edge techniques of microstructure diagnostics. Special emphasis is laid on the development of novel, laser-based approaches to specimen preparation, the fabrication of polymer-based microoptics, and the accelerated development of glasses and glass ceramics fostered by accompanying micro- and nanostructure characterization. Having a background in physics, he is heading the department Optical Materials and Technologies at Fraunhofer IMWS, has authored ca. 230 peer-reviewed papers, holds more than 65 patents.

  Microstructure of Glasses and Glass Ceramics – What Can We Expect From Advanced Methods?

  The microstructure of glasses and glass ceramics can be extremely complex as is the relation of the microstructure to macroscopic properties. 
  Cutting edge tools for the characterisation of the microstructure can help assessing their chemistry, valency, coordination, and 3D element distribution.
  Using various compositions, it will be exemplified how the development of materials can be accelerated using new methodologies that have only recently have become available.

• Prof. Tsuyoshi Honma, Nagaoka University of Technology - JP

  

  Prof. Tsuyoshi Honma

  Nagaoka University of Technology

  Address: Kamitomioka-cho 1603-1, Nagaoka, 940-2188, Japan
   Email: honma@mst.nagaokaut.ac.jp

  He received his PhD from Nagaoka University of Technology in 2004. He then worked as a researcher at Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, and since 2007, he has been engaged in research on glass ceramics as an assistant professor at Nagaoka University of Technology. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 2014 and to Professor in 2023. He is working on the creation of ionic conductors and all-solid-state batteries with oxide glasses and glass-ceramics.

  Sodium ion conductive glass-ceramics processed by laser-based powder bed fusion technology

  Oxide all-solid-state sodium batteries (Na-ASSB) are expected to be one of the candidates for next-generation secondary batteries because they do not depend on scarce resources and are composed of non-flammable materials. Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) is well known as a sodium superionic conductor (NASICON) structure crystal. By tuning the sintering process, NZSP exhibits superior sodium ion conductivity of 1 mScm-1 at room temperature. However, improving the ionic conductivity of NZSP by the usual solid-state reaction process requires long heat treatment, and the grain boundary resistance governs its ionic conductivity. Therefore, it is important to synthesize solid electrolytes that combine densification and ionic conductivity. This study proposes laser processing to prepare NZSP film without conventional sintering. Laser light enables the formation of a melt-pool, and solidification will be achieved. Morphology, crystallinity, and ionic conduction in the laser-induced layer were investigated.
  NZSP was prepared using the sol-gel process and conventional heat treatment. 5wt% of acetylene black was added to NZSP as a laser light absorbent. A nano-second pulse laser with a 1064nm wavelength was irradiated on the surface of compact powder. 
  Cross-sectional SEM image of laser-irradiated 5wt%AB added NZSP via scanning electron microscope show that the depth of 20 m from the surface is found to be melt-solidified. Powder X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis showed that the melt-solidified region was found to be amorphous. When the amorphous NZSP was heat-treated again at 1000°C for 10h, the NZSP recrystallized while retaining its high-density morphology. Impedance spectra of NZSP immediately after laser irradiation and after recrystallization shows that the crystalline NZSP shows higher ionic conductivity than the amorphous state. It is also noteworthy that it is possible to separate self-supporting NZSP sheets from the powder compact, as is done with 3D printing technology via the powder bed fusion process.

• Dr Maria Jesus Pascual Francisco, Ceramics And Glass Institute (ICV-CSIC) - SP

  

  Dr Maria Jesus Pascual Francisco

  Ceramics And Glass Institute (ICV-CSIC) 

  Address:  C/ KELSEN 5, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
   Email: mpascual@icv.csic.es

  Researcher of the Ceramics and Glass Institute (CSIC, Spain). Main research topics are glasses and glass-ceramics for sealing, transparent glass-ceramics for photonic applications, phase separation and crystallization in glasses, sintering/crystallization, and glass recycling.
  Co-author of more than 130 articles in SCI journals (h-index 38). Principal researcher of two European projects. Member of the technical committee TC07 “Nucleation, Crystallisation and Glass-ceramics” of the International Commission on Glass (ICG) from 2007 and its current vice-chair. Secretary and vice-president of the Glass Section of the Spanish Society of Ceramics and Glass (SECV). ICG Gottardi prize 2010. Treasurer and member of the Management Board and Steering Committee of the ICG (2015-2024). Chair of Crystallization 2017 in Segovia (Spain).

  Alternative processing and enhanced properties of photonic glass-ceramics

  The growing field of photonics demands the design of new rare-earth (RE)-based optical materials for their use in efficient optical telecommunications, solid-state lasers and other applications. Oxyfluoride glass-ceramics (GCs) combine the transparency and both mechanical and chemical resistance of aluminosilicate glasses with the low phonon energy and facile incorporation of RE ions in the fluoride crystals. The incorporation of RE ions in the crystalline phases (such as LaF3) enhances the optical emission intensity. Moreover, the additional presence of metallic nanoparticles such as Ag can further enhance the luminescent response. These materials are suitable for the preparation of preforms as precursors for the drawing of optical fibers and as substrates for waveguides written using laser radiation and some examples of the materials preparation and its possible applications will be provided.
  By the other hand, transparent GC materials have also been obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS). This approach combines thermal action with simultaneous compression of the material to reach full densification and high homogeneity in a short time. The structural, mechanical, and optical properties have been characterized and compared with GCs of the same compositions prepared by conventional heat treatment. 
  This work was supported by MICINN under Project PID2020-115419GB-C-21/C-22/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. 

• Prof. Jianrong Qiu, Zhejiang University - CN

  

  Prof. Jianrong Qiu

  Zhejiang University

  Address:  Hangzhou, China
   Email: qjr@zju.edu.cn

  Prof. Jianrong Qiu is Chair Professor of Zhejiang University, China. He is Associate Editor of the J. Chin. Ceram. Soc. and Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci.,  etc. He has published more than 500 papers in Science, Nat. Photon., Adv. Mater. etc. His paper has been cited more than 37500 times (h factor is 90). He received Otto-Schott Research Award from the Ernst Abbe Fund (2005), Germany,  Academic Award from the Ceramics Society of Japan (2007) and G. W. Morey Award from the American Ceramic Society (2016). He is fellow of the American Ceramic Society and Optical Society of America (Optica).

  Fs laser induced space-selective precipitation of nanocrystals in glass

  Femtosecond laser is an extreme physical condition which can be realized in normal laboratories. It has been widely used for microscopic modifications to materials due to its ultra-short laser pulse and ultrahigh light intensity. When a transparent material e.g. glass is irradiated by a tightly focused femtosecond laser, the photo-induced reaction occurs only near the focused part of the laser beam inside the glass due to the multiphoton processes. In this talk, we will describe what happened during the fs laser irradiation in glass, some observations of interesting phenomena in glasses, e.g. precipitation of bandgap tunable nanocrystals and formation of periodically distributed nanocrystals etc. The mechanisms and promising applications of these phenomena are also discussed. 
  [1] D. Tan, K. Sharafudeen, Y. Yue, J. Qiu, Prog. Mater. Sci., 76 (2016)154.
  [2] K. Sun, D. Tan, X. Sun, J. Song, Z. Liu, M. Gu, Y. Yue, J. Qiu, Science, 375 (2022) 307-310.

• Dr Stefan Reinsch, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) - DE

  

  Dr Stefan Reinsch

  Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)

  Address: Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
   Email: stefan.reinsch@bam.de

  Born 23.10.1965 in Berlin, Germany. Study of materials science specializing in glasses at TU Berlin under Prof. Brückner, graduating with degree Dipl.Ing. in 1992 (“Production and optimization of C-fiber reinforced glass ceramics based on cordierite and bariumosumilite”). Subsequently worked on a research project at the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Division Glass, on the subject "Surface nucleation of silicate glasses of the stoichiometry of cordierite and diopside" (doctoral thesis 2001, TU Berlin). Since 1992 scientific employee at BAM. Main topics: Thermal analysis of glasses and glass ceramics, crystallization behavior of glasses, sintering behavior of glasses and glass matrix composites, relaxation behavior of glasses using dynamic mechanical analysis.

  Oriented Surface Crystallization in Glasses

  Up to now, oriented surface crystallization phenomena are discussed controversially, and related studies are restricted to few glasses. For silicate glasses we found a good correlation between the calculated surface energy of crystal faces and oriented surface nucleation. Surface energies were estimated assuming that crystal surfaces resemble minimum energy crack paths along the given crystal plane. This concept was successfully applied at the Institute of Physics of Rennes in calculating fracture surface energies of glasses. Several oriented nucleation phenomena can be herby explained assuming that high energy crystal surfaces tend to be wetted by the melt. This would minimize the total interfacial energy of the nucleus. Furthermore, we will discuss the evolution of the microstructure and its effect on the preferred crystal orientation.

• Dr Kenji Shinozaki, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology - JP

  

  Dr Kenji Shinozaki

  National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Osaka University 

  Address: 1-8-31 Midrigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
   Email: k-shinozaki@aist.go.jp 

  Kenji Shinozaki received a Ph.D. in Engineering at Nagaoka University of Technology in 2013. He was an Assistant Professor at Nagaoka University of Technology from 2013 to 2016. Since 2016, he has worked at National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology (AIST) as a senior researcher. He is also associate professor as principal investigator in Osaka University since 2022. His current research interest includes development of new functional glasses and glass-ceramics for optical and mechanical properties.

  Glass Structure Design for Ultrafast Nanocrystallization: Toward Oxyfluoride Glass-Ceramics Devices

  In this talk, a new material design is proposed that eliminates the need for heat-treatment processes. The impact of short- to medium-range structures on the crystallization of glasses was investigated to enable nanocrystallization in quenching process via ultrafast nucleation. Herein, short- to medium-range structures of BaF2–ZnO–B2O3 glasses were investigated using 11B- and 19F-magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR), machine learning molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Obvious selectivity in the binding was observed: F- preferred Ba2+ and O2- preferred B3+, whereas Zn2+ was bound to both anions. The binding selectivity caused fluoride-rich domain, and the fluoride-related structure factors and bond distance were very similar to the peak positions of precipitated crystals. Our structural investigation suggest the pre-existence of a crystal-like structure with a similar composition, density, and ordering to those of precipitated crystals. Glass with the modified composition was successfully crystallized during the press quenching of the melt and the fiber drawing process. These results can facilitate the production of photonic components such as nanocrystallized glass fibers and microspheres for upconversion lasers, as well as a wide variety of glass-ceramics products.

• Dr Xianghua Zhang, Rennes Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Rennes / CNRS - FR

  

  Dr Xianghua Zhang

  Rennes Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Rennes / CNRS

  Address:  ISCR/V&C, Campus de Beaulieu, Bat 10, 35042 Rennes, France 
   Email: xiang-hua.zhang@univ-rennes.fr

  Xiang-Hua Zhang is Research director of the CNRS (National centre for scientific research) and the director of the laboratory of glasses and ceramics in the Institute of chemical science at Rennes, France. He got his bachelor in Zhejiang University, China in 1983 and PhD degree in University of Rennes I, France in 1988. He worked in the laboratory of glasses and ceramics until 1996 when he left to found the Umicore IR glass company, for producing chalcogenide glass optics. He came back to the CNRS in 2002. He is mainly specialized in chalcogenide glasses and ceramics mainly for infrared photonic applications and more recently also for energy conversion. He is co-inventor of 22 patents and co-author of more than 470 peer-reviewed publications. 

  Controlled crystallization in Chalcogenide glasses

  Chalcogenide glasses are particularly interesting for middle and far infrared photonics. The crystallization behaviour is one of the key parameters for composition selection because of the fabrication process using sealed silica tube, which does not allow high cooling rate. Controlled crystallization is an efficient way to create glass ceramics with original properties such as improved mechanic properties, enhanced photo-luminescence and photo-conductivity as well as unusual optical properties. For photonic applications, the key issue is to obtain sufficient property enhancement while keeping the infrared transmission. It is also interesting to point out that some unusual crystalline phases, with unique properties, can only be obtained with controlled crystallized in selected chalcogenide glasses. Different challenges and applications will be discussed. 

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